Amorphous refractory is a mixture of various raw materials and additives, which has good wear resistance, fire resistance and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in steel, nonferrous metals, ceramics and building materials. The following are the main types of unshaped refractories and their application fields:

I. Types of unshaped refractories

Unshaped refractories can be classified according to their technological characteristics, chemical properties and bonding forms:

(1) Classification according to process characteristics

Refractory castable: it has good fluidity after mixing with water, and can be used for molding by vibration, tamping and vibration pressurization. It is an amorphous refractory with large output and rapid development.

Fire-resistant ramming material: a material shaped by pneumatic pick or manual ramming, which is suitable for parts requiring high density.

Fire-resistant plastic refractory: Plasticity clay or clay blank, which is suitable for building complex lining.

Fire-resistant paint spraying: Material molded by jet or pumping, suitable for quick repair and spraying.

Refractory daubing material: it is molded by plasterer and mortar pump or used as a material of thermal coating, which is suitable for daubing and repairing operations.

Refractory projectile: a material molded by a projector, suitable for long-distance projection construction.

Fire-resistant press-in material: material molded by pressure equipment such as mud pump, suitable for parts requiring pressure injection.

Refractory mud or refractory mud: joint filling material for building refractory bricks and prefabricated blocks.

(2) Classification by chemical properties

Acidic materials: such as siliceous refractories, with silica as the main raw material, have high fire resistance and wear resistance, and are mainly used in high-temperature furnaces in the fields of steel, nonferrous metals and building materials.

Neutral materials: such as clay refractories, with clay as the main raw material, have good fire resistance and slag resistance.

Alkaline materials: such as magnesia, dolomite and other refractory materials, usually have high refractoriness and resistance to alkaline slag erosion.

(3) Classification by materials

Silica unshaped refractory: It is made of silica as the main raw material, adding adhesive and mineralizer, and has high fire resistance and wear resistance.

Clayey unshaped refractory: made of clay as the main raw material, adding binder and mineralizer.

High-alumina unshaped refractory: mainly made of high-alumina raw materials, it has high refractoriness and corrosion resistance.

Corundum amorphous refractory: Corundum is the main raw material, which has very high fire resistance and wear resistance.

Mullite unshaped refractory: Mullite is the main raw material and has good high temperature performance.

II. Application fields of unshaped refractories

Amorphous refractories are widely used in the following fields because of their high construction flexibility, good overall performance, strong ability of rapid construction and repair, and strong customization:

(1) Metallurgical industry

Blast furnace: unshaped refractories, such as ALO-SiC-C and mullite SiC-C ramming materials, are often used in blast furnace walls, bottom cushions and surrounding brick joints.

Ladle: Refractory for ladle is gradually replaced by unshaped refractory, such as Al₂O₃- spinel castable, which has good corrosion resistance.

Tundish: The lining of tundish often uses unshaped refractory materials, such as magnesia and spinel castable.

(2) Petrochemical industry

Cracking furnace: refractory castable insulation layer is often used on the outer wall of cracking furnace tube to reduce heat loss.

Reforming furnace: paint spraying is often used in the lining of reforming furnace to protect the lining from high temperature gas.

(3) Building materials industry

Glass kiln: unshaped refractory materials, such as high-alumina castable, are often used in the melting pool and runner of glass kiln.

Cement rotary kiln: the lining of cement rotary kiln often uses unshaped refractory materials, such as magnesia and alumina-magnesia castable.

(4) Other fields

Heat treatment furnace: amorphous refractory materials commonly used in heat treatment furnaces, such as refractory concrete, can be used to manufacture complex components.

Ceramic firing kiln: unshaped refractory materials, such as high-alumina castable, are often used in ceramic firing kiln.

Because of its diversity and flexibility, amorphous refractories can meet the complex needs of refractories in different industrial fields, and will be widely used in more fields in the future.